Любой диалог проходит три стадии:
1. Инициирование разговора ( объяснение ситуации, запрос информации, выдвижение предложений)
2. Развитие разговора ( ответная реплика ( согласие \ несогласие, выражение предпочтения, удивления , сожаления, уверенности….) , реакция на сбой разговора (просьба разъяснить \ объяснить), вовлечение партнёра в разговор (выяснение мнения партнёра, заставить партнёра делать предложения, выдвигать свои идеи…)
3. Завершение разговора (прийти к определённому мнению, согласию, подвести итог дискуссии, выдвинуть основания, закончить разговор)
Сначала необходимо закрепить в речи «речевые образцы» по всем трём стадиям диалога.
1) Initiating / Focusing
- There are several possibilities for…. / So, we have to……. / Let’s talk about……first, shall we?
- Let’s see what the good points are / I think we will (would) need to ….so…
- What do you think? / Do you think we should…..? / What shall we do first?
- What’s your opinion? / What about you? / Do you agree? / And what else?
2) Polite Requests
- Can I ask you a personal question? – Of course, go ahead / Would you mind if I ask you…..
- I’d also like to know some information about……. / Could you tell me about……..?
- Could I have a …..( receipt) ? / Do you think I could have…?
- Could you take this….. to…., please? / Would you mind +Ving ? / Is it all right if …..?
- Could you possibly……. ? / Would it be possible to ………?
- OK / Yes, sure / Yes, certainly / Yes, of course / Yes, I’ll do that / I’m sorry, but…..
- Excuse me. Could you……., please? – Yes, certainly.
- Thank you. – You’re welcome.
3) Making Suggestions / Discussing Suggestions / Giving Opinion
- Why don’t we do this? / How about …+Ving? / What about…+ Ving ?
- Let’s do this / Let’s decide about…first, shall we?
- What do you think…? / Do you think we should…?
- Perhaps we should… / What shall we do first? / So, what do you think we should do……..?
- How do you feel about this?
- It’d be a good idea if we… / What would be really great is if we… / It’s about time we… That’s a good idea / Surely, it’d be better…
- OK, let’s do that / OK. Why don’t we both do that?
- That sounds like a good idea / That’s a great idea / I think the best thing to do would be to… / It would be a good idea to…/ I’ve got a good idea…/ I’ve got a better idea ……./ That sounds a bit boring…/ I don’t think that’s such a good idea because……..
- Personally, I’m not that keen on…/ You know, it’s not really my thing / Don’t you think……? / And, to be honest…./ That’s not the point
4) Agreeing / Disagreeing
- That’s a good point / I absolutely agree / You’re right / That’s true / Yes, but…..
- I’m afraid you’re wrong / I see what you mean, but don’t you think………. ?
- I don’t think I would go along with that / Yes, but isn’t it also true that……..?
- That sounds like a good idea / I’m not sure about that
5) Expressing Feelings / Likes and Dislikes
- Wow! / Really! / Goodness! / What a surprise!
- I (really) like/ enjoy / love / I really like doing that too / I’m not keen on…/ Oh dear. What a pity / Never mind I don’t like………. / I can’t stand……….. / I hate…….
- I find it really….(interesting / awful….) / It looks a bit……(strange / difficult…)
- It makes me….(angry/ worried / smile / want to…..)
6) Making Choices
- I prefer…..to……./ I’d rather …..(do/have…) than…/ I’d rather we had……than……/ I much prefer………/ I wouldn’t mind +Ving
- The thing I like best is………./ I don’t think I’d like to ……..
- I find it really….(interesting / awful….) / It looks a bit……(strange / difficult…)
7) Offering and expressing opinion
- It’s very difficult to say, but I think……/ What I mean is……/ In my opinion…..
- It’s not something I feel very strongly about, but………
- Actually I feel quite strongly that……./ I’m quite certain that………
- Personally , I feel…/ think…/ suppose…/ guess…
- I’ve never really thought about it, but I suppose…/ I don’t really like…but if I had to choose….
- I think it’d be better if…./ I think we should…
8) Developing the discussion
- I’d like to add something to what you / I just said………
- There’s another thing I wanted to say…….
- The good / bad thing is……./ One advantage / disadvantage is……/ On the other hand…….
9) Speculating
- It could be…./ might be…/ might have been…/ must be…/ can’t be…
-
I think…
Probably….
Perhaps…
this might not help in the situation / this could cause problems
- I get the impression that …………/ I would imagine …….. / I would guess ………
- It’s hard to say, but I think… / It seems to me that…/ It looks like a…./ It looks as if it’s…
10) Summarizing and Reporting a decision / Coming to a conclusion
- So, shall we say……..? / I think we’ve agreed that…….. / So, we’ve decided………
- What have we decided then? / So, let’s decide which one……… / OK, so which (two) are the best?
- Well, I chose……../ We both agreed that………/ N. was in favour of…..but I thought…….
- Neither of us liked…………/ So that was the conclusion we reached:……………
Предлагаемые экзаменационные билеты носят примерный характер и могут быть использованы в качестве основы при разработке экзаменационных материалов с учетом образовательной программы данной школы. Диалогические умения предлагается проверять в ситуации общения ( в режиме: Учитель-Ученик; Ученик-Ученик).
Card 1
You decided to take a language course. Telephone the secretary and ask about:
- location
- length of the courses available / schedule
- course fees
- accommodation
- details of the admission and social programme
Remember to:
- be active and polite
- ask all the questions
- decide if this Language School suits you
A Help!
Student |
Teacher |
Инициирование разговора
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Развитие разговора
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Завершение разговора
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Card 2.
You and your friend are thinking of where you could go for a Sunday morning. Discuss with your friend all the options and choose one you both like most of all.
have a picnic go cycling play a sport organize a party
Remember to :
- ask your friend when he/she can go
- discuss all the options
- be active and polite
- agree or disagree with your friend, give reasons
- take your partner’s attitudes into account
- come to an agreement
A Help!
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+ |
Have a picnic |
The weather forecast isn’t so good. If it rains, we’ll get wet. We’d have to prepare lots of food . There are always lots of ants and other insects at picnics and it can really spoil the fun. |
It’s the end of the summer and it might be our last chance to do something outdoors. We could enjoy picturesque scenery and clean air. Escape from the city life. Nobody to remind us about homework. We could get all our friends to bring one dish each so that we don’t have to make all the food. |
Go cycling |
It’s dangerous as a cyclist can be easily knocked over. Your bike’s faster than mine. I’d be struggling to keep up. Not all our friends have bicycles; so we couldn’t ask them to join us. You breathe unhealthy fumes. It doesn’t protect from rainy weather. |
It is environmentally friendly. It’s economical. Cycling is a great way to get some exercise and have fun at the same time. We could take our bikes on the train somewhere outside town and cycle there. |
Play a sport |
It can be quite tiring and I’m not sure I’ve got the energy. Some people will want to play football and some will want to play basketball. They might argue. |
It’ll be a great chance to enjoy the last of the summer sunshine. It’s something that everyone can easily join in with. We can have a prize for the winners. |
Organize a party |
It sounds like a lot of hard work. We don’t have enough time to organize it and tell everyone about it before the weekend. I don’t think our parents would let us have a party instead of revising for our exams. |
It would be a great way to celebrate the summer, and I’m sure all our friends would love to come. I’ve got some new CDs. We could play those at the party. We could ask our parents to prepare food and drink. |
Card 3.
You are going to spend one day with your British friend in St Petersburg. Discuss with him/ her where you would like to go and choose one place you’ll both enjoy visiting.
Here is a list of possible places:
Park Zoo Museum Football match
You have to decide on one place only.
Remember to:
- Ask your friend who he’s going to invite
- Discuss all the places;
- Take an active part in the conversation and be polite;
- Come up with ideas;
- Give good reasons;
- Find out your friend’s attitudes and take them into account;
- Invite your friend to come up with suggestions;
- Come to an agreement.
A Help!
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+ |
Museum |
I think museums are boring. It closes early on Wednesdays, at 2 o’clock, so we haven’t got time to see everything. We’ll be tired and exhausted the next day. |
We’ll be indoor if it rains. There is a nice caf? where we can have lunch. There is a gift store where we can buy souvenirs. We’ll learn something new and interesting about people, traditions and customs. |
Zoo |
I have been there hundreds of times. I feel very uncomfortable while seeing the animals in the narrow cages. Some cages don’t smell very nice. It is too childish! We are not little children. |
We can see lots of exotic animals there. We can take a lot of pictures. It’s fascinating to watch sea animals in the pool! We could see some new born animals. It is so exciting. I think it’s worth going there. |
Park |
It might rain and we’ll be outdoors. There’s nothing to do if the weather is bad. Young people play football on the grass and there’s nowhere to sit. People walk their dogs there and the grass is dirty. |
We can take my dog, he will enjoy it. We can feed the ducks on the pond. We can take some nice walks. We can have a picnic if the weather is fine. We don’t have to spend any money. |
Football match |
There are too many people; it’s too noisy and crowded. I don’t want to queue for tickets. I’m not a football fan and I prefer playing football to watching the game. |
It’s easy to get to the stadium because it is situated in the centre of the city. Our favourite team may win. They may show the match on TV and our friends may see us. |
Card 4.
You are calling an employment advertisement for a ……..job. You want to get some information about the job:
Don’t forget to:
- ask for a job as a ……./ ask about the salary
- ask if the position is full-time or part-time
- Tell employer about your work experience, what you can do
- Discuss conditions
Remember to:
- Be active and polite
- Ask all the questions
- Consider your interests
- Accept/ refuse
A Help!
Student |
Teacher |
Инициирование разговора
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Развитие разговора
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Завершение разговора
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Card 5.
You are going to the cinema /theatre / concert hall with your friends. You call to the cinema / theatre to find out some information. Ask a box-office attendant questions about:
- sort of performance / types of films
- the time of the performance / length of films
- the ticket price / discounts
- better seats
- actors
Remember to:
-
- be active and polite
- ask all the questions
- decide if you go or not
A Help!
Student |
Teacher |
Инициирование разговора
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Развитие разговора
- Only if somebody cancels. )
Выражение одобрения / сожаления по поводу ответной реплики:
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Завершение разговора
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Card 6
You meet a friend who has just come from……( Australia/ Canada/ Britain/ US) . You haven’t seen her/him for a long time and are happy to see your friend again. Ask your friend questions about:
- the journey
- interesting places he visited
- his impressions
Remember to:
- Be active and polite
- Ask all the questions
A Help!
Student |
Teacher |
Инициирование разговора
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Развитие разговора
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Just like you and me. But you know, Australia /…. is a country of immigrants. So you can meet people of all nationalities there……… |
Завершение разговора
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Card 7.
You are travelling in a foreign country . During an excursion you are lost. You need to get to your hotel as quickly as possible. Ask a passer-by questions about:
- Transport
- Time to get there
- Where the stop is
Remember to:
- Be active and polite
- Ask all the questions
- Choose the quickest kind of transport
A Help!
Student |
Teacher |
Инициирование разговора
|
-Of course, what would you like to know? - Certainly. Would you like to walk there or to go by the bus? |
Развитие разговора
Выражение одобрения / сожаления по поводу ответной реплики:
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-The best way…/ the quickest…../ the nearest….. - Go to the bus stop and take No 40 bus. Then you must get off at the metro station… and change to…… - Well, you go down this street until you get to the church…..then you turn right….. - You may get there by….or by….. The best way to get there is by the underground. - Go as far as……… This street is the first turning on the left. - Take the second on the left and then ask again. / Turn left at the traffic- lights. - It’s up to you to decide. Trolley bus-about ……minutes. - Oh, you know, it’s about ......(5 minutes) from here; -That depends on the kind of transport. - Well, it’s rather far from here. It’ll take you …..minutes to get to……. - No, you can walk it in under 5 minutes. |
Завершение разговора
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-You are welcome. / - It’s a pleasure. -Not at all. |